Lock and key



B. A. DDV-E.

LOCK AND KEY.

APPLICATION FILED mms, '1920.

1,382,826. Patented June 28, 1921.

lso

4UNITED STATES BAsCoM-A. novi-i, or DALLAS, TEXAS.

Loox AND KEY.

Specication of Letters Patent. Patented June 2S, lggL Application led January 8, 1926. SerialiNo. 350,160.

To all whom t may concern: j

Be itV known that I, BAsooM A. Dovn, a citizen ot" theV United States, lresiding at Dallas, in the county of DallasV and State ot Texas, have invented certain new and useful` Improvements in Locks and Keys, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relatesv to new land useful improvements in locks and keys.

The object of this invention is to provide a lock of simple construction which requires a key which is difficult to duplicate, thereby assuring the safety ofarticles placedin receptacles fastened by this lock. j

A further obj ect is to provide a lock which requires a double operation by means .of an adjustable key to'unlock the same.

A further object is to frustrate the eorts of those who are expert in 'opening llocks without the aid of a key or with akey ot their own manufacture, the said practice being commonly knownas lock picking.

j In carrying out the invention I employ a plurality of cylindersV of serried sizes' each cylinder rotatably4 disposed within the cyl'- inder of the'next larger size and held therein by means of spring pressed transversely divided tumblers disposed transversely of the` said cylinders. An adjustable key inserted into a slot inthe innermost cylinder Vreleases the tumblers by bringing the divisionin the said tumblers in time with the division between the cylinders, a separate adjustment being required foreach cylinder a until the cylinder which operates-the latch is released. s

The invention will be morereadily understood from a readingoi the following specication and Vby reference to the accompanying drawings, in which an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

. Figure 1 is a side view in section of a device embodying the invention, l

. Fig. 2 is a sectional view looking down on the same, Y l Fig. 3 is a view taken `on Fig. 1, j Fig. LLis a view taken onthe line 44-4 of Fig. 5 is `a detail ofthe latch mechanism of the lock.

the line 3 3 ot i In the drawings the numeral 10 designates the barrel of a lock mounted within va door 11 and retained therein by means of screws 12 which pass through a transversely projecting annular flange 13 integral with the barrel and engage in the said door.

A cylinder 14 is rotatably mounted within the barrel being retained against longitudinal displacement by means of a transversely extending annular flange l5 integral with the inner end of the cylinder. Horizontallv disposed transversely divided spring pressed tumblers 16 mounted transversely of the barrel engage in slots in the walls of the cylinder andretain the latter against circumferential displacement. v

Rotatably disposed longitudinally within the cylinder is a core 17 `having an elongated slot 18 extendinglongitudinally of the latter and opening on the upper surface of the same adjacent the central portion thereof.l A passage 19 extends from the outer surface of the core to the slot, permitting a key 20 to enter the said passage and .pass

into the slot, the extremity of the key en-. l gaging within the recess 21 within the inner end of the core. Vertically disposed transversely divided spring pressed tumblers 22 mounted transversely of the cylinder walls engage transversely of the core and retain the latter against circumferential displacement within thesaid cylinder.

A key 2O having-its forward end cleft so as to form a` recess 23 in the same and having the contours 24 along' the face of its rearward `end so shaped as to maintain the divisions in the tumblers 22 at the point oi division between `the core and the cylinder is inserted in the lock, thus permitting the core yto rotate within Vthe cylinder.

A rod 25 is movably disposed longitudinally within the key and is pivotally connected with a lever 26 at its outer end and has its inner end resting along'the bottom ofthe recess 23. Links 27 are pivotally attached to thesaid rod at their lower ends and are also pivotally connected at their upper ends to a bar28 disposed within the recess 23. The lever 26 moves within a recess 29 within the trundle of the key, a movable shield 30 integral with the lever covering the opening to the recess 29 and preventing the entrance of obstructions into the latter. In Fig.A 1 the key is shown in the lock, the vlever beinglowered .and the bar 28 being in the recess 20 in the key, and the tumblers 22 in the unlocked position. Upon Cri the core turning a quarter ofV a rotationthe tumblers 16 engage in the slot 18V and arrest the rotation of the core Within the cylinden By moving the lever to the raised position as .shownin Fig. 2, the rod 25 is partially Withdrawn and thereby raises the .bar 28 above the key. The contours of the tace of the bar are adapted to maintain the tumblers 16 in such a position as to' bring the divisions in the tumblers at the division between the cylinder and the barrel, this permitting the cylinder to be rotated within the barrel. An annular plate 31 having countersunk lugs 32 upon'its outer surface, is secured t0 the innerend of the cylinder' by means of screws 33, this being rotated by the cylinder. The lugs contact arms 34 extending` laterally from a latch boltv 35 slidably maintained transversely of the barrelV 10 at the inner end of the latter by means of loops 36 and 37 mounted upon the said barrel, a spring member 3S acting to maintainthe latch bolt in the locked position and to return the said bolt to the locked position upon the With- Y draWa-l otl the key from the lock. ThusY the lock is maintained in a locked position at all times when the key is removed, being unlocked only'ivhen the key is inserted and the lock held in an unlocked position,

As shown in Fig. 5 the latch bolt retains the cylinder Within the barrel against longitudinal displacement.A

It is obvious that the device can be made in variousl sizes and degrees of strength Without departing from the spirit of the invention, thus adapting the same to a Wide range of uses. Y y

Particular attention is called to the fact that the inner elements of the tumblers 16,v have their inner ends beveled, at 39, and these beveled ends are inclined upwardly in the direction of rotation of the core 17 in the unlocking movement, when turned to the left, as shown in Fig. 3. Such inner elements are prevented from turning upon their longitudinal axes, by pins 39 secured thereto, operating in radial slots 40', in the core 14, Fig. 2. It is thus seen that these beveled ends 39, serve as ratchets, and when the core 17 is turned tothe left sufficiently, so that the beveled ends 39 Venter the slot 18, the core 17 will be locked to the cylinder 14, for turning movement, to the left. When the rcore17 is turned .to the right, the beveled ends 19 will trip over the yside Wall of the slot 18, and permit the core 17 to rotate With relation to the cylinder 14, the cylinder at the same time being locked against turning movement, these two operations occurring When lthe inner and outer elements of the tumblers 16 are brought into registration. The vcore'17 is turned to the right until the inner and Vouter elements of the tumblers 17 are brought intoV registrafV y tion, at Which time the key may be removed.

slot extending longitudinally of the core and opening alone' one side of the latter, transversely divided spring pressedtumblers ,projecting inwardlyY from the Wallet' the cyl-V inder and movably engaging in the core, a spring pressed latch'bolt slidablymou'nt'ed transversely of the barrel member at thein'- ner end of the latter, an annular plate secured transversely of thecylinrder at its in, ner eind, and lugs on the Yplate for operating the latch bolt.

Y 2. In a device of the character described,

in combination with a lock, aA key adapted for operating the lock comprising'ahand'le Y having a recess opening'V from its outer edge, a lever pivoted Within the recess land protrudingtherefrom, a slidable shield secured;

transversely of the lever and slidably covering the opening of the recess, asha'nk having a groove extending longitudinally along its outerportion-and a serrated face extending longitudinally'along its'inner portion, a rod resting longitudinally along the bottom" of the groove and extending longitudinally through the shank and pivoting tothe lever, a serrated bar resting Within the groove and links pivotally connecting the bar with the rod. Y Y 'A 3. n'a device of the character described, a` rotatable barrelv having a set of'tumbler openings vformed therein, af cylinder rotatable Within the barrel and Yhaving a ,set of tumbler openings to coact With the irst named set and also having a seconds'et of tumbler openings, tumblers mounted `Within the setof 'openings in the barrelv and the tirst named set of openings in the cylinder,

a core rotatable Within the cylinder and having a longitudinal slot adapted torreceive the inner ends of said tumblers, said core having a set of tumblerropeni'ngs for coacting with the second named lset oty the cylinder, said core having. a longitudinal key receiving opening, tumblers adapted for operation within the set of openings inthe core and the second set of'openings inthe cylinder, a key for insertion Within'the longitudinal opening of the' core and having a set of bits for coaction with the tumblers in the openings Vof the core and alsohaving a longitudinal recess, a rod extendingV longi-y tudinally Within the recess and having 'a set iso named set and also having a second set of tumbler openings, tumblers adapted for operation Within the set of openings in the barrel and the first named set of openings in the cylinder, each tumbler comprising q inner and outer elements, the inner element having its inner end beveled, means to prevent theinner element from turning upon its longitudinal axis, a core rotatable Within the cylinder and having a longitudinal slot adapted to receive the inner beveled ends of sait tumblers, said core having a set of tumbler openings for coacting with the Second named set of openings in the cylinder, said core having a longitudinal key receiving opening. tumblers adapted for operation within the set of openings in the core and `the second set of openings in the cylinder,

a key forV insertion Within the longitudinal openings of the core and having a set of bits for coaction with the tumblers in the openings of the core and also havinlo` a lonvitudnal recess. a rod extending longitudinally within the recess and having a set of bits to coact With the first named tumblers, means to move the rod transversely with relation to the key, and a bolt moved by the cylinder.

5. ln a device of the character described, as a. sub-combination, a barrel, a cylinder rotatably mounted V Within the barrel, said cylinder having a longitudinal fkey receiving opening, tumblers carried by the barrel and cylinder, akey for insertion Within the longitudinal key receiving opening, a longitudinally extending rod carried by the key and having bits to engage With the inner ends of the tumblers, and means to move the rod transversely of the key.

6. ln a device of the character described, as sub-combination, a keyhaving a longitudinal recess, a rod extending longitudinally Within the recess and having bits, and means to move the rod transversely with relation to the key.

7. In a device of the character described, as a sub-combination. a key having a longitudinal recess, a rod extending longitudinally Within the recess and having bits, links pivotallysupporting the rod, and a second rod extending longitudinally of the key and pivotally connected with the links.

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature.

BASCOM A. DOVE. 

